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47: Enterovirus (Nonpoliovirus): (Group A and B Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, Numbered Enteroviruses)
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Published:January 2023
"Enterovirus (Nonpoliovirus): (Group A and B Coxsackieviruses, Echoviruses, Numbered Enteroviruses)", Red Book Atlas of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Tina Q. Tan, MD, FAAP
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Nonpolio enteroviruses are responsible for significant and frequent illnesses in infants and children and result in protean clinical manifestations. The most common manifestation is nonspecific febrile illness, which in young infants may lead to evaluation for bacterial sepsis. Other manifestations can include (1) respiratory: coryza, pharyngitis, herpangina, stomatitis, parotitis, croup, bronchiolitis, pneumonia, pleurodynia, and bronchospasm; (2) skin: hand-foot-and-mouth disease, onychomadesis (shedding of nails), and nonspecific exanthems (particularly associated with echoviruses); (3) neurological: aseptic meningitis, encephalitis, and motor paralysis (acute flaccid myelitis [AFM]); (4) gastrointestinal/genitourinary: vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hepatitis, pancreatitis, and orchitis; (5) eye: acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis and uveitis; (6)...