Lane S. Palmer, MD, 2016. "Scrotal Swelling and Pain (Chapter 190)", American Academy of Pediatrics Textbook of Pediatric Care, Thomas K. McInerny, MD, FAAP, Henry M. Adam, MD, FAAP, Deborah E. Campbell, MD, FAAP, Thomas G. DeWitt, MD, FAAP, Jane Meschan Foy, MD, FAAP, Deepak M. Kamat, MD, PhD, FAAP, Rebecca Baum, MD, FAAP, Kelly J. Kelleher, MD, MPH, FAAP
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Scrotal swelling can be particularly frightening for boys and their families, and because the differential diagnosis includes conditions that demand emergent treatment, it poses a challenge to pediatricians. A helpful organizing strategy during evaluation is to classify the scrotal swelling as either painful or painless and as acute or chronic (Box 190-1). Rapid and accurate evaluation of a boy with scrotal swelling depends on a thorough history and a physical examination of the genital area and abdomen that includes both inspection and palpation. Laboratory tests may be helpful but are not usually decisive, whereas imaging studies can be...