Repellents for Use on Skin
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Published:2021
2021. "Repellents for Use on Skin", Red Book: 2021–2024 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, Committee on Infectious Diseases, American Academy of Pediatrics, David W. Kimberlin, MD, FAAP, Elizabeth D. Barnett, MD, FAAP, Ruth Lynfield, MD, FAAP, Mark H. Sawyer, MD, FAAP
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The EPA regulates repellent products in the United States. The CDC, US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend that people use repellent products that have been registered by the EPA, which indicates that the materials have been reviewed for both efficacy and human safety when applied according to the instructions on the label.
Arthropods are attracted to people by body heat, odors on the skin, and carbon dioxide and other volatile chemicals from the breath. The active ingredients in repellents, with the exception of permethrin-based repellents, help ward off mosquitoes or ticks but do...